In France, people who were illegally adopted internationally are trying to make their voices heard by the courts. As this phenomenon does not currently constitute a criminal offence, the fight is likely to be difficult.
There are 120,000 children who have become French through international adoption between 1980 and today. A figure that is largely underestimated, without counting all the cases where the children arrived without a visa. So how many were there illegally? The question makes all those involved in adoption tremble. " We don't have precise figures on the number of illicit practices, we would have to do it case by case," notes Fábio Macedo, a doctor of history at the University of Angers.
The criminal response is also summary: "There is no specific law on illegal adoptions." Joseph Breham, a criminal lawyer, firmly establishes this statement. He clarifies the legal situation in which people who have been adopted illegally find themselves.
"There is no specific law on illegal adoptions."
Joseph Breham, criminal lawyer
The lawyer has mastered this subject well to work, with his colleague, Noémie Saidi-Cottier, on the Malian case against the authorized adoption organization (OAA) "Le Rayon de soleil de l'enfant étranger". The establishment, which is said to be at the origin of several illegal adoptions between Mali and France, is currently the subject of an investigation after the lawyers of nine "adoptees", men and women who are sometimes well into their forties, filed a complaint for the offense of receiving stolen goods... All of them were adopted in France under an adoption regime that is not the same as in the country of birth; sometimes to the detriment of the wishes of the biological families. This goes hand in hand with the falsification of documents, false declarations and breach of trust by the parents. With no way of knowing their initial ties, these adoptees live in a biological void. "I know I have a brother, but no one wants to tell me ," complains Marie Marre, one of the plaintiffs in the Malian case and spokesperson for the movement [1].