Two revelations of child trafficking in recent weeks remind us of the need for extreme vigilance everywhere in the world.

Child trafficking in Kenya

One of these child trafficking is in Kenya: an investigation broadcast by the BBC, " These babies for sale on the black market in Nairobi ", with the first episode released in November 2020 revealed the existence of a immense child trafficking.

Director Peter Murimi, co-author of the investigation with Joel Gunter and Tom Watson, was caught up in 2019 ads in local newspapers about missing children. They reveal that women in financial difficulty are led to sell their babies or have them stolen. The infants are then sold by intermediaries to couples in expectation of children; or even, which is cold in the back, to people who organize rituals of child sacrifices.

This market works well because the pressure exerted on women to be mothers is very important in this country. This is what explains Maryana Munyendo , director of the Missing Child association: “ We are Africans, our culture wants you to have a child for a marriage to work, preferably a boy. Otherwise, you go back to the village and you are called a dry wood plank, so what do you do to save your marriage? You are stealing a child. “Sometimes even equally vulnerable people steal infants and then resell them.

The football agent on how his daughter’s birth inspired him to work in the women’s game, and the search for his birth mother

Michael Kallbäck was working as an obscure agent in Scandinavian football when, in November 2014, he became a father for the first time. He describes the birth of his daughter, Charlie, as “an epiphany” which transformed his life. Apart from inspiring him to work in women’s football, where he is now an influential agent, the arrival of his daughter encouraged him to discover the secrets of his own extraordinary past.

Nadia Nadim, the first female footballer to work with him, remains the client to whom he is closest. Playing for Paris Saint-Germain and Denmark, Nadim is one of the world’s great footballers whose life transcends sport. Nadim escaped Afghanistan at the age of 11, after the Taliban murdered her father, and fell in love with football in a Danish refugee camp. She is close to becoming a surgeon while continuing to shine at PSG.

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“I hate myself.” The words slipped out of my youngest child’s mouth with a casual levity. Only 5 years old, her voice still carries that bright, fluted tonality unique to young children. The first time she said it, she was sitting in a little pink play-chair set against the wall in her grandmother’s living room, where she’d been living with her sister.

“I’m ugly,” she added. “I’m dumb.”

These aren’t things that she or her 6-year-old sister have been told at home—at least not that I’ve heard. Since the moment she was born and placed on my breast, where she immediately latched on and nursed contentedly for almost an hour, she’s been showered with love and affection. Neither child has ever experienced anything resembling abuse or neglect.

But in early 2018, a little over a month after I hauled my family from our home in Seattle to my in-laws’ home in Broward County, Florida so their father could recuperate from mental illness, he and I were removed from the home—and our daughters from our custody—by child services.

This followed an argument I had with my in-laws, after which they made allegations of abandonment and drug use against me. The abandonment charges would eventually be dismissed, and the claims of drug use negated by slews of tests. But by that point, my daughters were already living with them, I was already homeless in a strange state without resources, and we were ordered to complete numerous requirements within 15 months. When their father and I did not complete those mandates in time and to the court’s satisfaction, our parental rights were permanently severed. Our daughters were adopted out to their paternal grandparents.

Numerous news outlets and activist groups in India have reported an increase in trafficking, bonded labour, and slave-like working conditions in the past weeks. The two main stories were the rescue of young boys from a basement bangle factory in Rajasthan and Gujarat and the rescue of young girls from sex work and domestic servitude. Instead of seeing increases in trafficked and coerced labour as a consequence of the coronavirus pandemic and the lockdown imposed in March, I suggest that it is located in a longer story of labour’s weakening position vis-a-vis their employers and the erosion of their existing rights. The pandemic and the lockdown did not create the conditions for the subjection of labour or for trafficking. They deepened existing asymmetries.

The popular view of the ‘India success story’ is that of sustained high growth rates on the one hand and record reductions in absolute poverty on the other. But in fact high growth was delivered on the backs on hyper-exploitation of ‘informal’ and ‘migrant’ labour, which has been “ground down by growth”. India has also relied heavily on the large-scale transfer of land ownership and the hyper-exploitation of nature. Successive governments have pursued the strategy of making ‘cheap land’ and ‘cheap nature’, along with ‘cheap labour’, available to capitalists, which has produced a steady stream of workers away from affected rural areas to the cities.

Factors other than the effects of economic policy also bear on the conditions of labour. Climate events leading to drought or flood, for example, have pushed people into hyper-exploitative labour relations and work conditions. The simple fact of too little or too much rain has helped fuel pockets of extreme deprivation – in Bihar, Bengal, Jharkhand, Orissa, and Uttar Pradesh in particular – which are the main sources of trafficking and coerced labour in India. Wage theft by employers, poor enforcement and understanding of rights, the presence of extremely coercive work conditions, violence with impunity against workers – all are endemic to this milieu.

Rightlessness, wage theft, and precarity made plain by the pandemic

That migrant workers overwhelmingly come from poor, rural families with no or little land was well established before the pandemic. In 2018, the 56% of the rural population was landless. A UN report found that India had the largest number of people – 364 million – facing multidimensional poverty. Of those, 113 million – 8.6% of the population – were classified as extremely poor. At the same time, a sharply increasing number of people from rural areas have been displaced by changes in land laws that allow for the reclassification of agricultural land, opening it up for other purposes. Workers enter labour markets from a position of dispossession and desperation, which the pandemic intensified.

HO CHI MINH CITY, Vietnam—On Sept. 5, 2020, a Boeing 787 Dreamliner took off from South Korea’s Incheon International Airport en route to Vietnam. On board the repatriation flight VN409 were 403 Vietnamese citizens—including 41 unaccompanied babies, who were being sent back to the country without their parents.

Waiting at the Ho Chi Minh City airport for one of the babies was Nguyen Hoa My, who had set off at 2 a.m. that same morning from her home in northern Vietnam, in order to meet up with the flight from Seoul and retrieve her granddaughter.

The flight from South Korea was delayed by almost two hours. “Airport officials said the papers of two babies had gotten lost and there was a last-minute scramble to sort out the paperwork back in Seoul, which led to the delay,” Nguyen recalls. “I thought I would be able to see the baby immediately, but I was told I wouldn’t be allowed through. At that point, I didn’t yet know which quarantine center they were all heading to, but another grandmother received a tip-off and so we made our way over to Bau Bang together.”

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TAKING NO CHANCES

JUSTICE - It is an unusual case that the Draguignan court ruled this week. A woman in her forties was appearing for having abandoned the child she had just adopted in Congo.

"He was unmanageable." These are the words used by this Frenchwoman, originally from Fréjus, to explain her gesture, she who decided to abandon the child she had just adopted in Congo. Explanations which did not convince the Court of Draguignan (Var), which has just sentenced her to 10 months suspended imprisonment for "neglect of a minor" . The court also pronounced a ban on exercising a professional activity in contact with minors, thus depriving the accused of her current job of social worker in an educational action service in an open environment.

The case dates back to 2018. That year, the accused, in her forties, saw her application for adoption lead to an orphanage in Brazzaville. But after spending a week there with her child, the Frenchwoman changes her mind, believing that the little boy, aged eight, is out of control. She then decides to return to France without him. Except that in the meantime, the adoption process has indeed been ratified and the little boy is therefore now French.

A complaint is then filed. And two years later, facing the Draguignan court, the accused explained that for her the charges of "neglect" of a child did not hold, insofar as she left the child in the orphanage where he still growing up, and where his health and safety were assured.

Did you see, the white mother didn't want you "

A French woman was sentenced to 10 months suspended prison sentence for neglect of a minor by the Draguignan prosecutor's office. According to Var Matin , this forty-something native of Fréjus (Var) had abandoned a child she had just adopted in Congo.

After launching procedures in 2015, Ingrid L. obtained in 2017 the full adoption of Michel, taken in only 8 months by an orphanage. He obtained French nationality in 2017. However, after meeting him in 2018, the Frenchwoman abandoned him in Brazzaville (Republic of Congo). The child, now 8 years old, was then found on the steps of a church.

"During the week I spent with him, he was unmanageable. You had to constantly watch him. All the time, every minute. I felt he would ultimately be better off at the orphanage than with me." , tried to justify Ingrid L. Arguments which did not convince the criminal court of Draguignan which also pronounced with regard to this social worker in a service of educational action in open environment, a prohibition to exercise a professional activity in contact with minors, thus depriving her of her job. La Fréjusienne also said that she did not realize that the adoption procedure she had launched was final.

"He went through a trauma"

Ingrid L's lawyer, Me Juliette Bouzereau, pleaded that "the prevention of neglect" did not hold up to the extent that "the health and safety of the child" were "assured", this one having been left in the orphanage where he was already welcomed. Me Muriel Gestas, who defends the interests of the child, asks for personalized treatment for this orphan who is now a French stranded in Brazzaville. "It would be better, rather than placement in a foster home, to seize a family court judge so that he can pronounce the deprivation of parental authority and that he is then placed in a foster family", estimated the lawyer.

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Saturday, 19 December 2020, 0:26 News | Essential

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Nicolae Ciuca

"During the week I spent with him, he was unmanageable," said Thursday at the helm of this forties.

A Frenchwoman was given a 10-month suspended prison sentence for neglecting a minor, we learned on Saturday from the Draguignan prosecutor's office (Var), for having abandoned the child she had come to adopt in Congo .

The criminal court also pronounced against this forties, social worker in an educational action service in an open environment, a ban on exercising a professional activity in contact with minors, thus depriving her of her job.

In 2018, after having followed all the steps allowing the adoption of an orphan, now eight years old, who was welcomed in an orphanage in Brazzaville, this woman from Fréjus (south-eastern France) finally had decided, during his first visit to the child, not to adopt him. "During the week that I spent with him, he was unmanageable," said Thursday at the bar this forties, according to comments reported by the regional daily Var-Matin and confirmed to AFP by one of the parties' lawyers. civil.

Child safety guaranteed

NBC News reported at the age of 28-years-old, Culberson began her search when she learned her biological mother died when she was only 11. After a phone call from an uncle, she learned she was related to African royalty. According to the news outlet, she is from the Mende tribe in Bumpe, Sierra Leone, and is considered a mahaloi, the child of a paramount chief. This makes Culberson the princess of the Bumpe village.

Sarah Culberson Sierra Leone www.theGrio.com

(Image via sarahculberson.com / Brandon Flint Photography)

Hundreds of people came out to celebrate her return during a special ceremony in 2006 where her biological father gifted her a dress that matched his own suit. Culberson shared with the news outlet that although a royal title sounds glamorous, learning her identity came with responsibility.

“My only guidance of what a princess was was what I saw in movies,” Culberson said to NBC News. “[But] it’s really about responsibility. It’s about walking in my great-grandfather and grandfather’s footsteps and what they’ve done for the country. I realized that’s my role as a princess, to keep moving things forward in the country.”